Moles

Moles form when pigment cells gather together instead of spreading evenly across the skin. The number and appearance of your moles often depend on your genetics, meaning they can run in families. Sun exposure also plays a role, as ultraviolet light can stimulate more moles to form or cause existing ones to darken. Hormonal changes, such as those that occur during puberty or pregnancy, can make moles more noticeable as well.

The majority of moles are completely harmless. However, in some cases, a mole can develop into a more serious condition called melanoma, the most dangerous type of skin cancer. This does not mean that every mole is a cause for concern, but it is important to keep an eye on them and know the warning signs.

Certain types of birthmarks, especially pigmented ones like congenital melanocytic nevi, are made up of pigment-producing cells in the skin. Because certain pigmented birthmarks contain melanocytes, there is a chance that melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer, can develop in these areas. The risk is higher in larger birthmarks that are present from birth, though it’s important to note that most moles and birthmarks never become dangerous.

It’s normal for moles to look different from one person to another, but there are certain changes that should never be ignored. You should seek an evaluation if you notice any of the following:

• A mole that looks uneven or has one half that doesn’t match the other
• Edges that are jagged, blurred, or irregular
• Multiple colors within the same mole, such as shades of brown, black, red, or blue
• A mole that is larger than the size of a pencil eraser
• Any mole that changes quickly in size, shape, or color
• New symptoms such as itching, bleeding, scabbing, or tenderness
• Any moles the develop in birthmarks

Another helpful rule of thumb is to pay attention to the “odd one out.” If one mole looks noticeably different from all the others on your skin, it’s best to have it checked by a dermatologist.

If you have a mole that appears unusual, your dermatologist will start by examining it closely. They may use a magnifying tool to look at patterns in the skin and compare it with your other moles. In some cases, they may recommend removing part or all of the mole for testing under a microscope to be certain it isn’t cancerous. This simple step is the most reliable way to rule out serious concerns.

Mole removal is a safe and straightforward procedure when performed by a trained professional. People often choose to have a mole removed if it is suspicious, causes irritation, or affects how they feel about their appearance. At New Orleans Aesthetics, several treatment options are available:

• Surgical excision – The mole is removed along with a small margin of healthy skin. This method is often used when there is concern about skin cancer. Stitches are usually needed, and the area heals over a few weeks.
• Shave removal – For moles that rise above the surface of the skin, a small blade is used to shave it down so that it blends in more evenly with the surrounding skin. Healing time is shorter, and stitches are not required.
• Laser removal – A focused beam of light is used to target pigment in the mole. This option can work well for smaller or flat moles and typically leaves a good cosmetic result.
• Cryotherapy or freezing – In some cases, liquid nitrogen can be applied to freeze and destroy the mole tissue. This method is less common but may be used for certain benign growths.
• Electrocautery – A small electrical current can remove or smooth down raised moles. This option can be very precise and is generally used for noncancerous moles.

Dr. Zeena will recommend the best option depending on the type of mole, its location, and your treatment preferences.